Each “point” in a vector graphic corresponds to a master x-y axis that keeps everything in order, so a fresh image is generated at each new size. While raster graphics store image data as pixels, vectors store it as equations. Without repeating ourselves, we’ll give a brief overview of vector graphics.
How are raster graphics different from vector graphics? In addition to JPEGs, PNGs, and GIFs, mentioned above, raster graphics also consist of BMPs, TIFFs, and many other more specialized formats. The video below shows just how effective pixel imaging can be at lower resolutions. How many pixels you use and how you organize them allows for some flexibility in image compression, or making image files smaller while retaining as much quality as possible. It’s from a long time ago, when screen displays weren’t as sophisticated as they are now. There’s a myth going around that all web images are reduced to 72 DPI automatically, but that’s been proven false. Vector graphics, on the other hand, are not restricted by DPI, one reason they’re great for web design - as we explain more below. So, if you want a high-resolution hero image background that covers your entire screen, start with a high DPI image. The reason pixel density is important for web design is that images with higher DPI look better at large sizes than those with smaller DPI. However, keep in mind that when putting these images on the web, browsers consider only the final dimensions, not DPI. For a frame of reference, high definition photos are 300 DPI or more, while standard definition photos are around 72 DPI. High resolution images use smaller pixels, and so have more pixel density - a value known as either DPI or PPI, for “Dots Per Inch” or “Pixels Per Inch.” (The terms are interchangeable.) Raster images with high DPI use smaller pixels, so they can fit more colors in the same space. The size of an image file, then, is determined more by the amount of pixels than the image’s dimensions: a screen-sized low-definition image has less data than an Ultra-HD profile picture. Higher definition graphic design images require more colors, which require more pixels, which require more storage. Take a step back, and all those colored pixels form a clear image, just like a mosaic. These pixels, which each represent a single color, are fitted onto a grid (or a “raster” proper, which is where the name comes from). Raster graphics, also known as bitmaps, store image data as fixed pixels. Since you’ve already about vector graphics, below I'll tell you everything you need to know about raster graphics: what they are, why they’re different from vector, and when to use each one. What exactly is the difference, and more to the point, when do you use each? SVGs, EPSs, and PDFs are vector graphics, while JPEGs, PNGs, and GIFs are raster graphics. The short answer is that they’re two different approaches to graphic files formats. You may not know what they are or what the difference is between them, but you can already tell that they’re rivals. Discuss web design long enough and the words “raster” and “vector” are bound to come up.
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